21 CFR Part 11
Electronic records and signatures held by FDA-regulated entities: audit trails, system validation and, where e-signatures are used, signature controls. FDA looks for those controls on the durable data repository, not on participant-owned hardware. Our risk view: when source data is captured on a participant’s own phone, the path from handset to repository still decides whether the record is attributable, legible, contemporaneous, original and accurate — the ALCOA principles of the data-integrity guidance.
A Lean Approach to Digital Risk, Quality, and Compliance Management for Small to Medium Life Sciences Companies
How can small to medium-sized life sciences companies effectively manage compliance without large budgets? What strategies can SMEs employ to navigate…
Read the article →AI Software Assurance Framework for FDA-regulated applications
How does the AI Software Assurance Framework ensure compliance in FDA-regulated applications? What are the key components of an effective AI Software…
Read the article →ALCOA++ in the Age of Digital Health Technologies (Part 5/8)
Can your audit trail reconstruct every DHT data transformation from source to submission? Are firmware, algorithms, and databases synchronised under one…
Read the article →Are Consumer Devices (e.g. Fitbits, …) Compliant for Endpoint Data Collection?
Can consumer wearables like Fitbits generate regulatory-grade clinical trial data? What risks arise when sponsors use consumer devices for endpoint…
Read the article →BYOD/eCOA in 2026: Timestamp Drift, Part 11/GDPR, and Audit Trails No One Wants to Own
What is “timestamp drift,” and how can a few minutes of clock deviation invalidate your eCOA endpoint data? Who actually owns the audit trail when…
Read the article →DHT QMS: The Missing Link Between Mature Systems and Digital Health Readiness
Is your QMS framework prepared to manage device-level risk and traceability? How can sponsors extend quality oversight to digital endpoints without…
Read the article →Device Fit and Classification: When “Commercial” Becomes “Clinical” (Part 3/8)
Have you validated every DHT used in your trial for analytical, clinical, and usability accuracy? Are you certain of each device’s risk class in all…
Read the article →Ensuring Data Integrity in Medical Device and Pharma Companies: A Key to Compliance and Patient Safety
Could your company’s data integrity withstand an FDA inspection? What do the ALCOA+ principles require of medical device and pharma records in practice, and which controls make them hold up?
Read the article →ICH GCP E6 Is Changing — And Digital Health Technologies Are at the Centre
For years, Digital Health Technologies lived slightly outside the GCP spotlight. Useful? Yes. Innovative? Absolutely. GCP-critical? Not always. ICH GCP E6 (R3) changes that.
Read the article →Reverse Logistics: Recovering DHTs Without Breaking Data Chains
How can sponsors eliminate “data breaks” across global DHT logistics networks? What are regulators expecting in traceability documentation under MDR and GCP?…
Read the article →Sponsor Oversight of Digital Health Technologies in Decentralised Clinical Trials: A Regulatory Guide
How do sponsors avoid becoming “accidental manufacturers” when deploying wearables in trials? What happens if a consumer-grade DHT fails to meet regulatory…
Read the article →The 2024 FDA DCT Guidance Decoded: 9 Operational Traps Sponsors Still Fall Into
What hidden operational traps are still tripping sponsors under the 2024 FDA DCT guidance? How can sponsors maintain investigator oversight across…
Read the article →The DHT-Ready QMS: Integrating Device, Data, and Clinical Quality into One System (Part 2/8)
Does your QMS include design-history and validation records for every DHT you use? Are firmware, algorithms, and human-factors results governed under change…
Read the article →The Global Compliance Map: Deploying DHTs Across Borders (Part 7/8)
Are your DHTs classified and registered in every country where they’re used? Have you appointed local importers and authorised representatives? Do your…
Read the article →The Shockwave: What the FDA’s DHT Framework Really Means (Part 1/8)
Are your current DHTs validated for analytical, clinical, and usability accuracy? Who in your organisation owns responsibility for device version control?…
Read the article →Validation of Clinical Trial–Related Systems in Smaller Enterprises: Challenges and Practical Tips
How can small companies overcome the challenges of validating clinical trial systems on tight budgets? What are the risks of not validating clinical trial…
Read the article →When a Digital Health Tool Becomes a Medical Device: The Hidden Regulatory Roles No One Told You About
If your digital health tool is already collecting endpoint data, are you absolutely sure regulators don’t see it as a medical device? Who’s carrying the…
Read the article →A document appears here because it names 21 CFR Part 11 in its own text. Nothing is inferred: this is what we have actually written about it.